✓
Passing This code compiles and runs correctly.
Code
// Pins that a flow binding whose legal Koru name collides with Zig's spelling
// rules reaches EVERY emitted reference under one spelling.
//
// Decl sites spell through writeBranchName: `i1` declares `@"i1"` (it shadows
// a Zig primitive type) and `pos-tempo` declares `pos_tempo` (kebab mangles).
// But references live inside author text spliced verbatim — template `{{ expr
// }}` holes, when-guards, arg values, `_ = &x` discards — and those sites
// emitted the raw name: `i1` resolves as the primitive, `pos-tempo` parses as
// subtraction. Both surface here: the `if` guard's operands and a branch arm's
// `s:` arg would each name an undeclared identifier in generated Zig.
//
// Siblings: 230_017 (param named a keyword), 230_018 (binding named a
// primitive) — those pin the DECL site. This pins the USE sites downstream.
//
// Control: rename the bindings to plain snake and nothing else, and the
// program prints hi / hi.
const std = @import("std");
~import std/io
~tor get-str {} -> string
~proc get-str|zig {
return "hi";
}
~tor flip {} | heads string | tails
~proc flip|zig {
return .{ .heads = "x" };
}
~tor show { s: string }
~proc show|zig {
std.debug.print("{s}\n", .{s});
}
// i1: a legal Koru binding name that is a primitive type in Zig.
~get-str(): i1
|> if (i1 == i1 or @panic("i1 use not escaped"))
| then |> show(s: i1)
// pos-tempo: a legal kebab name that is subtraction in Zig. Bound on the
// subflow's head, consumed inside a branch arm's argument text.
~tor drive {}
~drive = get-str(): pos-tempo
|> flip()
| heads _ |> show(s: pos-tempo)
| tails |> show(s: "t")
~drive()
Supporting Files
~proc get-str|cs {
return "hi";
}
~proc flip|cs {
return new Output { tag = "heads", heads = "x" };
}
~proc show|cs {
__koru_stdout_write($"{s}\n");
}Actual
hi
hi
Expected output
✓ Zig✓ C#hi
hi
Emitted Zig source
// Access compiler flags via the per-user compiler_env module
const CompilerEnv = @import("compiler_env").CompilerEnv;
pub const panic = if (@import("builtin").mode == .Debug)
@import("std").debug.FullPanic(@import("std").debug.defaultPanic)
else
@import("std").debug.simple_panic;
const __koru_bare = struct {
extern fn posix_memalign(memptr: *?*anyopaque, alignment: usize, size: usize) c_int;
extern fn free(ptr: ?*anyopaque) void;
fn bareAlloc(_: *anyopaque, len: usize, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, _: usize) ?[*]u8 {
var p: ?*anyopaque = null;
const a = @max(alignment.toByteUnits(), @sizeOf(usize));
if (posix_memalign(&p, a, len) != 0) return null;
return @ptrCast(p);
}
fn bareResize(_: *anyopaque, _: []u8, _: @import("std").mem.Alignment, _: usize, _: usize) bool { return false; }
fn bareRemap(_: *anyopaque, _: []u8, _: @import("std").mem.Alignment, _: usize, _: usize) ?[*]u8 { return null; }
fn bareFree(_: *anyopaque, memory: []u8, _: @import("std").mem.Alignment, _: usize) void { free(@ptrCast(memory.ptr)); }
const vtable = @import("std").mem.Allocator.VTable{ .alloc = bareAlloc, .resize = bareResize, .remap = bareRemap, .free = bareFree };
const allocator = @import("std").mem.Allocator{ .ptr = undefined, .vtable = &vtable };
};
const __koru_backing = if (@import("builtin").link_libc) @import("std").heap.c_allocator else if (@import("builtin").os.tag == .freestanding) __koru_bare.allocator else @import("std").heap.page_allocator;
var __koru_leak_count: @import("std").atomic.Value(usize) = .init(0);
fn __koru_alloc(ctx: *anyopaque, len: usize, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, ret_addr: usize) ?[*]u8 {
_ = ctx;
const r = __koru_backing.rawAlloc(len, alignment, ret_addr);
if (comptime @import("builtin").mode == .Debug) {
if (r != null) _ = __koru_leak_count.fetchAdd(1, .monotonic);
}
return r;
}
fn __koru_resize(ctx: *anyopaque, memory: []u8, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, new_len: usize, ret_addr: usize) bool {
_ = ctx;
return __koru_backing.rawResize(memory, alignment, new_len, ret_addr);
}
fn __koru_remap(ctx: *anyopaque, memory: []u8, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, new_len: usize, ret_addr: usize) ?[*]u8 {
_ = ctx;
return __koru_backing.rawRemap(memory, alignment, new_len, ret_addr);
}
fn __koru_free(ctx: *anyopaque, memory: []u8, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, ret_addr: usize) void {
_ = ctx;
__koru_backing.rawFree(memory, alignment, ret_addr);
if (comptime @import("builtin").mode == .Debug) {
_ = __koru_leak_count.fetchSub(1, .monotonic);
}
}
const __koru_vtable = @import("std").mem.Allocator.VTable{ .alloc = __koru_alloc, .resize = __koru_resize, .remap = __koru_remap, .free = __koru_free };
pub fn koru_allocator() @import("std").mem.Allocator {
return .{ .ptr = undefined, .vtable = &__koru_vtable };
}
pub inline fn __koru_intcast(comptime T: type, x: anytype) T {
if (comptime (@import("builtin").mode == .Debug or @import("builtin").mode == .ReleaseSafe))
return @as(T, @intCast(x));
const dst = @typeInfo(T);
const src = @typeInfo(@TypeOf(x));
if (comptime (dst == .int and src == .int and dst.int.bits == src.int.bits and dst.int.signedness != src.int.signedness))
return @as(T, @bitCast(x));
return @as(T, @intCast(x));
}
pub fn koru_leak_check() void {
if (comptime @import("builtin").mode != .Debug) return;
if (__koru_leak_count.load(.acquire) == 0) return;
if (comptime @import("builtin").target.os.tag == .freestanding) {
if (comptime @import("builtin").cpu.arch == .wasm32 or @import("builtin").cpu.arch == .wasm64) {
@panic("KORU LEAK CHECK FAILED: the produced program leaked");
} else {
const __klc = struct { extern var stdout: ?*anyopaque; extern fn fputs(__s: [*:0]const u8, __st: ?*anyopaque) c_int; };
var __lb: [128]u8 = undefined;
const __lm = "KORU LEAK CHECK FAILED: allocations still outstanding at end of run: ";
@memcpy(__lb[0..__lm.len], __lm);
var __ln: usize = __lm.len;
var __lv = __koru_leak_count.load(.acquire);
var __ld: [20]u8 = undefined;
var __lk: usize = 0;
while (__lv > 0) : (__lk += 1) { __ld[__lk] = @intCast('0' + __lv % 10); __lv /= 10; }
for (0..__lk) |__li| { __lb[__ln] = __ld[__lk - 1 - __li]; __ln += 1; }
__lb[__ln] = '\n'; __ln += 1; __lb[__ln] = 0;
_ = __klc.fputs(@as([*:0]const u8, @ptrCast(&__lb)), __klc.stdout);
@trap();
}
} else {
@import("std").debug.print("KORU LEAK CHECK FAILED: the produced program leaked (trace above)\n", .{});
@import("std").process.exit(1);
}
}
pub const main_module = struct {
const std = @import("std");
pub const get_str_event = struct {
pub const Input = struct {
};
pub const Output = []const u8;
pub fn handler(__koru_event_input: @This().Input) @This().Output {
// >>> PROC: get_str [tests/regression/200_COMPILER_FEATURES/230_EMITTER/230_024_bound_name_spelled_in_spliced_text/input.kz:24]
_ = &__koru_event_input;
return "hi";
}
};
pub const flip_event = struct {
pub const Input = struct {
};
pub const Output = union(enum(u8)) {
heads: []const u8,
tails: struct {
},
};
pub fn handler(__koru_event_input: @This().Input) @This().Output {
// >>> PROC: flip [tests/regression/200_COMPILER_FEATURES/230_EMITTER/230_024_bound_name_spelled_in_spliced_text/input.kz:29]
_ = &__koru_event_input;
return .{ .heads = "x" };
}
};
pub const show_event = struct {
pub const Input = struct {
s: []const u8,
};
pub const Output = void;
pub fn handler(__koru_event_input: @This().Input) @This().Output {
// >>> PROC: show [tests/regression/200_COMPILER_FEATURES/230_EMITTER/230_024_bound_name_spelled_in_spliced_text/input.kz:34]
const s = __koru_event_input.s;
_ = &s;
_ = &__koru_event_input;
std.debug.print("{s}\n", .{s});
}
};
// >>> FLOW: tests/regression/200_COMPILER_FEATURES/230_EMITTER/230_024_bound_name_spelled_in_spliced_text/input.kz:39 ~input:get_str()
pub fn flow0() void {
const @"i1" = main_module.get_str_event.handler(.{ });
if ((blk: { const __koru_l = @"i1"; const __koru_r = @"i1"; const __koru_lo = @typeInfo(@TypeOf(__koru_l)) == .optional; const __koru_ro = @typeInfo(@TypeOf(__koru_r)) == .optional; const __koru_lp = if (__koru_lo) @typeInfo(@TypeOf(__koru_l)).optional.child else @TypeOf(__koru_l); const __koru_rp = if (__koru_ro) @typeInfo(@TypeOf(__koru_r)).optional.child else @TypeOf(__koru_r); const __koru_ls = __koru_str: { const __koru_ty = @typeInfo(__koru_lp); if (__koru_ty == .array) break :__koru_str __koru_ty.array.child == u8; if (__koru_ty == .pointer) { const __koru_ptr = __koru_ty.pointer; if (__koru_ptr.size == .slice and __koru_ptr.child == u8) break :__koru_str true; break :__koru_str __koru_ptr.size == .one and @typeInfo(__koru_ptr.child) == .array and @typeInfo(__koru_ptr.child).array.child == u8; } break :__koru_str false; }; const __koru_rs = __koru_str: { const __koru_ty = @typeInfo(__koru_rp); if (__koru_ty == .array) break :__koru_str __koru_ty.array.child == u8; if (__koru_ty == .pointer) { const __koru_ptr = __koru_ty.pointer; if (__koru_ptr.size == .slice and __koru_ptr.child == u8) break :__koru_str true; break :__koru_str __koru_ptr.size == .one and @typeInfo(__koru_ptr.child) == .array and @typeInfo(__koru_ptr.child).array.child == u8; } break :__koru_str false; }; if (__koru_ls and __koru_rs) { const __koru_ln = if (__koru_lo) __koru_l == null else false; const __koru_rn = if (__koru_ro) __koru_r == null else false; break :blk (__koru_ln == __koru_rn) and (__koru_ln or @import("std").mem.eql(u8, if (__koru_lo) __koru_l.? else __koru_l, if (__koru_ro) __koru_r.? else __koru_r)); } else break :blk __koru_l == __koru_r; }) or @panic("i1 use not escaped")) {
{ _ = main_module.show_event.handler(.{ .s = @"i1" });
}
} else {
{ }
}
}
pub const drive_event = struct {
pub const Input = struct {
};
pub const Output = void;
pub fn handler(__koru_event_input: @This().Input) @This().Output {
// >>> SUBFLOW: tests/regression/200_COMPILER_FEATURES/230_EMITTER/230_024_bound_name_spelled_in_spliced_text/input.kz:47
_ = &__koru_event_input;
const result = main_module.get_str_event.handler(.{ });
const pos_tempo = result;
_ = &result;
const nested_result_0 = main_module.flip_event.handler(.{ });
return switch (nested_result_0) {
.heads => {
const nested_result_1 = main_module.show_event.handler(.{ .s = pos_tempo });
_ = &nested_result_1;
},
.tails => {
const nested_result_1 = main_module.show_event.handler(.{ .s = "t" });
_ = &nested_result_1;
},
};
}
};
// >>> FLOW: tests/regression/200_COMPILER_FEATURES/230_EMITTER/230_024_bound_name_spelled_in_spliced_text/input.kz:52 ~input:drive()
pub fn flow1() void {
_ = main_module.drive_event.handler(.{ });
}
pub fn koru_start_flow() void {
const result_0 = koru_koru.start_event.handler(.{ });
const result_0_done = result_0.done;
_ = &result_0_done;
}
pub fn koru_end_flow() void {
const result_0 = koru_koru.end_event.handler(.{ });
const result_0_done = result_0.done;
_ = &result_0_done;
}
};
pub const koru_koru = struct {
pub const start_event = struct {
pub const Input = struct {
};
pub const Output = union(enum(u8)) {
done: struct {
},
};
pub fn handler(__koru_event_input: @This().Input) @This().Output {
_ = &__koru_event_input;
return .{ .done = .{} };
}
};
pub const end_event = struct {
pub const Input = struct {
};
pub const Output = union(enum(u8)) {
done: struct {
},
};
pub fn handler(__koru_event_input: @This().Input) @This().Output {
_ = &__koru_event_input;
return .{ .done = .{} };
}
};
};
pub fn main() void {
main_module.koru_start_flow();
main_module.flow0();
main_module.flow1();
main_module.koru_end_flow();
if (comptime @import("builtin").mode == .Debug) koru_leak_check();
}
test {
@import("std").testing.refAllDeclsRecursive(@This());
}
Emitted C# source
static class main_module {
public static void __koru_stdout_write(dynamic s) => global::System.Console.Out.Write(s);
public static void __koru_stderr_write(dynamic s) => global::System.Console.Error.Write(s);
// The mutable handle carrier — `*String`-style resources are
// `new __KoruBox { data = … }` because C# anonymous types are
// read-only: `s.data = …` (std/string append/clear, handle
// mutation generally) needs a settable member.
public class __KoruBox { public dynamic data; }
// Textification for `{{ … }}` operands: C# bool ToStrings as
// `True` where Koru prints `true`, and the operand's static type
// is unknown at this boundary — a `(x) is bool` inline test would
// be a compile error on statically-typed operands instead. Generic
// on purpose: `dynamic` boxed every value-type operand — measured
// ~1s/10M elements on 012_threat_scanner — while T specializes to
// the operand's own ToString() with no box.
public static string __koru_str<T>(T v) => v is bool b ? (b ? "true" : "false") : v?.ToString();
public static class get_str_event {
public struct Input {
}
public static string handler(Input __koru_input) {
return "hi";
return default;
}
}
public static class flip_event {
public struct Input {
}
public struct Output {
public string tag;
public string heads;
public dynamic tails;
}
public static Output handler(Input __koru_input) {
return new Output { tag = "heads", heads = "x" };
return default;
}
}
public static class show_event {
public struct Input {
public string s;
}
public static dynamic handler(Input __koru_input) {
var s = __koru_input.s;
__koru_stdout_write($"{s}\n");
return default;
}
}
public static class drive_event {
public struct Input {
}
public static dynamic handler(Input __koru_input) {
var pos_tempo = main_module.get_str_event.handler(new get_str_event.Input { });
var result_0 = main_module.flip_event.handler(new flip_event.Input { });
if (result_0.tag == "heads") {
var _auto_7 = result_0.heads;
{
var __koru_p_s = (string)(pos_tempo);
__koru_stdout_write($"{__koru_p_s}\n");
}
}
if (result_0.tag == "tails") {
{
var __koru_p_s = (string)("t");
__koru_stdout_write($"{__koru_p_s}\n");
}
}
return default;
}
}
public static class std_control_if_event {
public struct Input {
public dynamic expr;
}
public struct Output {
public string tag;
public dynamic then;
public dynamic @else;
}
public static Output handler(Input __koru_input) {
var expr = __koru_input.expr;
throw new global::System.Exception("if: |template| proc is inlined at call sites and must never be called");
}
}
public static class koru_start_event {
public struct Input {
}
public struct Output {
public string tag;
public dynamic done;
}
public static Output handler(Input __koru_input) => new Output { tag = "done" };
}
public static class koru_end_event {
public struct Input {
}
public struct Output {
public string tag;
public dynamic done;
}
public static Output handler(Input __koru_input) => new Output { tag = "done" };
}
public static void flow0() {
var i1 = main_module.get_str_event.handler(new get_str_event.Input { });
if (i1 == i1 || ((global::System.Func<dynamic>)(() => { throw new global::System.Exception("" + ("i1 use not escaped")); }))()) {
{ {
var __koru_p_s = (string)(i1);
__koru_stdout_write($"{__koru_p_s}\n");
}
}
} else {
{ }
}
}
public static void flow1() {
main_module.drive_event.handler(new drive_event.Input { });
}
public static void flow2() {
main_module.koru_start_event.handler(new koru_start_event.Input { });
}
public static void flow3() {
main_module.koru_end_event.handler(new koru_end_event.Input { });
}
}
static class Program {
static void Main() {
main_module.flow2();
main_module.flow0();
main_module.flow1();
main_module.flow3();
}
}
Flows
flow ~get-str click a branch to expand · @labels scroll to their anchor
get-str
subflow ~drive click a branch to expand · @labels scroll to their anchor
get-str
flow ~drive click a branch to expand · @labels scroll to their anchor
drive
Test Configuration
MUST_RUN LANGUAGES: zig cs